Biology Experiment

Is there a distinct and separate feminist study methodology or merely social analysis informed by feminist ideas? Introduction: The feminist theories and ideas focus on the relationship that exist between gender and social analysis, the perspective of the feminist theory is that inequality in the society is not as a result of biological differences but as a result of social organisation. Some feminist argue that the sociology learnt today is sociology of men stating men point of view and consequently the theories and ideas given are biased with the absence of women based theories and ideas. The feminist ideas are can be traced back to the work of Mary Wollstonecraft, according to the feminist concept they state that ladies are oppressed, restrained, employed, abused by men and subordinated, as a result the feminist theories tend to answer the question what about women in the society. Therefore it is clear that there is a social discovering that is informed by the feminist concept in the social investigation field. The feminist theories report on inequality in the society, they consequently borrow on the concept of Marx concerning inequality and consequently feminism is a Marxist theory, there exist numerous forms of feminism and these forms address different issues that impact women in the society, for this reason the feminism view of society is a distinct field of analysis whereby they focus on the existence of gender inequality in the society. Feminist theorist nevertheless only focuses on gender troubles in the society and do not address other society problems that are higher significance, other theorist such as Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx focused on nearly all issues in the society. The feminist are concerned with male dominance and how changes in the society will lead to a gender equal society. This paper focuses on the feminist ideas and the strategies they use in analysis in order to create up their theories and hypothesis. Feminist theories: Mary Wollstonecraft (1759 to 1797) was a philosopher and a feminist theorist, she stated that women are not inferior to men and inferiority only occurred due to the reality that ladies lacked education, she was the founder of feminism. After Wollstonecraft many feminist theories have been developed and that there exist several political tendencies in feminism and these include: academic feminists, radical feminism, socialist feminism, material feminism, black feminism, white feminism, female supremacy feminism and liberal feminism. Liberal feminism: The liberal feminism is considered the mainstream feminism. Their idea is to assert that men and women are equal by means of their efforts that are aimed at achieving legal and political reforms. Some of the theorists in this form of feminist contain Wollstonecraft, Gloria Steinem, Rebecca Walker and Betty Freidan. Their actions support in showing women capacity as a way by which they could gain equality, some of the issues they focus on contain equal pay, health care and domestic violence. They accomplish their objectives by means of law whereby they aim at eradicating institutional biasness, in the US their efforts led to the amendment of the equal appropriate constitution. The liberal feminist are aimed at ending domestic violence, ending of racism, promoting lesbian rights, gaining abortion rights and achieving economic justice among ladies. For this reason as a result the liberal feminism are referred to as the mainstream feminist simply because they have not deviated from their course of actions and that they are aimed at political reforms that will support achieve gender equality. Black feminism: Black feminism are far more concerned with the wants of the black ladies, their needs contain access to food, water and fuel, their needs vary with the wants of the white woman whose wants include equal pay, equal opportunity, equal education opportunities and abortion on demand, from the above as a result the black feminist focus on the requirements of the black ladies and this requirements are diverse from the wants of the white women. Radical feminism: Radical feminists include Carol Hanisch, Judith Brown and Kathie Sarachild, Radical feminism is concerned with the issue of male dominance, they think that male dominance is the trigger of all the women problems, they think that the power invested in men is the trigger of all the problems they face, the radical feminist also view social institutions as rthe root cause of male dominance, they as a result think that patriarchy is the significant trigger of oppression whereby the system of patriarchy teaches women how to submit and teaches men how to dominate. The ill of patriarchy are evident from instances of domestic violence, harassment and oppression. Radical feminism state that men benefit from the oppression of ladies, they claim that men use the social system to maintain male dominance and to maintain the ladies suppressed, for this reason for that reason they believe that the elimination of patriarchy and other radical changes in the society will remove male domination and women oppression and difficulties. Material feminism: Material feminism draw their ideas from the work of Marx on social class, they believe that there exist a relationship between class and gender, for this reason therefore there is a controversy in the material feminist idea on regardless of whether to seek men or operate independently where by Marx thought is sociology of men whereas other seek to work independently without referring to ideas of the opposite sex. Academic feminism: Academic feminism are concerned with research and teaching of the sex blind academic understanding taught in the institutions of education, they are concerned with criticising the social studying that does not consist of ladies ideas in these institutions, they believe that sociology taught in these institutions is sociology of men and states men point of view in the absence of ladies ideas in sociology. Academic feminist is the only way in which the feminist could make a breakthrough into the field of sociology, they argue that sociology learnt is sociology of men and for these reason sociology really should be rewritten in the presence of ladies ideas. Feminist investigation methodology: Despite the different divisions in feminists it is clear that the feminists have led to an improve in the social knowledge concerning the society, feminist ideas are a new discovering in the field of social inquiry, this can be supported by the feminist concept that the sociology we learn today is sociology of men that only give us the men points of view concerning the society, nevertheless others still argue that the existence of social systems that support male dominance is the primary root course of women problems. According to the feminist theory ladies are oppressed, there is the existence of domestic violence and dominated upon by men, for this reason the radical feminist state that there is require for radical changes in the society in order to gain social equality. They state that the system of patriarchy teaches women how to submit and men how to dominate, for this reason for that reason this system need to be abolished and replaced by yet another form of society system which is characterised by equality. Despite the feminist arguments as independent from men ideas it is clear that most of these feminist theories have borrowed from the work of previous men sociologist as a way in which to support their movement, the problems of oppression and domination by men is evident from the work of Marx, they have borrowed from men ideas, for example the material feminism have used Marx concept on social class and oppression, nevertheless from Marx theory about women he clearly states that women are not a propertied class and for this reason women are kept as possession to undertake certain activities. Feminist theory is a holistic theory concerned with the global oppression of women and their subordination to men, feminist theory is a political theory practiced with the aim of freeing women from men supremacy and exploitation, for this reason the feminist theory can be viewed as a Marxist theory whereby it is concerned with domination and subordination. Despite its criticism emanating from numerous theorists it is clear that the origin of feminist can be traced back to the work of Fredrick Engel who wrote the book the origin of the family and private property. According to Fredrick Engel the status of ladies nowadays is not as a result of biological differences but as a result of the economic system that exist and the emergence of private property in our society. For this reason therefore feminist theorist ought to be much more concerned with the origin of inequality in the society rather than the present state of inequality. According to Marx ladies are not a propertied class but they produce heirs to the property owned by men, nature the whole family, offer emotional support, and supply sexual gratification to the men who are owners of the property. For this reason it is clear that feminist theory is a Marxist theory but still being a Marxist theory their views are criticised by Marxist theory. Feminist being a Marxist theory depict that the sociology we discover nowadays is a sociology based on the experience of those who hold political and economic power, in this case the sociology we find out is from those who hold power and it men, for this reason we are biased in understanding from only those who hold power who according to the feminists are men, as a result the knowledge on social sciences and society is based on those who hold power in the society and for this reason the ladies in society still stay invisible. Despite the feminist deviating from their original ideas and theory it is still clear that the feminist theorist have their own original ideas and society understanding, there exist a lot of forms of feminist that have their concerns and issues. It is consequently wrong to criticise their ideas that the sociological knowledge we learn today is based on the work and experience of men in the absence of men. The only way in which the feminist theorist can have a breakthrough is through academic feminism, this will involve challenging and criticising theories and introduction of findings by means of study. But the questions that feminist pose is that ought to we rewrite sociology again and this time include the view of ladies. In most areas of social enquiry there is no ideological position supporting feminism, some support the subordination of women as a social factor and not as a result of biological differences, ladies are present in most social institutions and where they are not included it is through deliberate efforts to do so and where the ladies are present their positions and roles are inferior to those of women. The feminist theorist therefore still stand with the notion that in the society we live in today ladies arte restrained, oppressed, abused and used by men, for this reason for that reason it is important to consider them in social scientific enquiry. From the feminist view point it is biased to only take the ideas of men in society whereas there exist women in the society who also play a key role in the society, their ideas are based on Marxism theory of class and social inequality, even so they have added on his ideas to a diverse perspective which is the gender perspective of inequality. To the feminist inequality exists as a division in society in terms of gender. A lot of sociological theories have failed to support feminist theory, most accept that inequality produced in society as a result of gender is not as a result of biological differences between men and ladies but due to the social organisation that exist. For this reason consequently the feminist theories have contributed to the advancement in social understanding where new findings are reported as a result of inequality that exists in the society. According to Wollstonecraft book entitled Vindication of the Rights of Women, it is clear that she advocated for offering women equal opportunity to education so that they would gain equal chance in the society, she stated that women had rational thoughts if they were given equal chance to education. She criticised other scholars such John Gregory for their argument that women did not deserve to be educated. However Wollstonecraft called on the men to initiate the changes in the society that would see equality of chance in the society. From the work of Wollstonecraft it is clear that she wrote in a society that was faced with gender inequality, today feminist still report the changes in the society that will bring about gender equality in the society, like Wollstonecraft the feminist theorist urge men to initiate these changes in the society, changes have occurred but still there is evidence of inequality in our society. Betty Freidan was a radical feminist who wrote the feminist Mystique, her writing was influenced by findings in her study findings in 1942 where she discovered out that ladies had been unease with their lives, for this reason she discovered out that ladies had a false belief and that there was will need to for them to find an identity. For this reason Betty wrote the book Feminine Mystique. She criticised the notion that ladies could only locate fulfilment in homemaking and childbearing. Her book depicted the roles played by ladies in the industrial society as housewives and brought encouragement to those women who preferred to be educated. She was nevertheless criticised by scholars whereby she was criticised that her analysis was only relevant to the rich and middle class ladies, also doubts on the sample Betty utilized to conclude and hypothesis that ladies had been had a false belief and felt unease with their lives. Betty Freidan and Mary Wollstonecraft had been feminist theory who analysed the troubles that ladies face, they both agree that women are oppressed and live in a state of false consciousness as Marx stated, Freidan undertook a survey on ladies concerning women and found out that women were unease with their lives and for this reason it is clear that the feminist analysis methodology is not various from that of the other theorist, nonetheless her findings was criticised for data and methodology employed and other theorist claimed that her findings did not reflect the present state of the society. Conclusion: The feminist theories are concerned with inequality that exist in the society as a result of gender, according to the feminist men oppress women and they benefit from oppressing women, they also state that the existence of inequality in the society is as a result of social organisation that exist in the society and not as a result of biological differences. feminist argue that sociological understanding learnt is the sociology of men stating men point of view and for this reason the theories and ideas given are biased with the absence of ladies ideas. The origin of feminism can be attributed to the work of Mary Wollstonecraft (1759 to 1797), other feminist theories contain Gloria Steinem, Rebecca Walker, Betty Freidan, Carol Hanisch, Judith Brown and Kathie Sarachild. Nonetheless there exist divisions in feminist sociological enquiry depending on their objectives and requirements, these forms include radical feminism, liberal feminism that are referred to as the mainstream feminism, lesbian feminism, black feminism and academic feminism. The liberal feminism is concerned with the concept that men and women are equal and they do this through their efforts that are aimed at achieving legal and political reforms. Black feminism is concerned with the needs of the black ladies which contain access to food, water and fuel. Radical feminists are concerned with the concern of male dominance, they believe that male dominance is the cause of all the women troubles and that the power invested in men is the trigger of all the issues they face, they also view social institutions as the root cause of male dominance. Material feminism base their argument on Marx work on social class, and finally the Academic feminism are concerned with research and teaching of the sex blind sociological ideas taught in the institutions of education, they criticise the social studying that does not contain ladies ideas in these institutions. The feminist theories have initiated a new sociological analysis methodology whereby we are to be concerned about the knowledge we understand, we are supposed to be aware that the sociology we understand these days does not consist of the views of ladies. It is as a result crucial to consist of the views of the women in the society and also their ideas due to the fact they live in the society and they exist in several institutions in our society. Their views are not taken seriously despite them being oppressed and dominated upon by men. Mary Wollstonecraft and Betty Freidan were feminist theorist both agree that ladies are oppressed and live in a state of false consciousness as Marx stated, the survey undertaken by Freidan showed that ladies had been unease with their lives and for this reason it is clear that the feminist analysis methodology is not various from that of the other theorist, even so her findings was criticised by other scholars as incorrect. The feminist findings do not use any distinct investigation methodology but nevertheless they focus on distinct situations in the society which is gender inequality, they focus on the right of women and how inequality could come to an end. For this reason as a result we really should not reject feminist ideas as they add into the social field of study, this is where new findings are reported and society and social understanding is gained. References: Bryson (1999) Feminism Debate: Theory and Political Practises, Macmillan publishers, London Daniel Horowitz (1998) the Making of Feminine Mystique, University of Massachusetts Press, Massachusetts Ellen Willis (1992) Radical Feminism and Feminist Radicalism, Wesleyan University Press, Mary Wollstonecraft (2004) Vindication of the Rights of Ladies, Penguin publishers, London Mills S (1998) Postcolonial Feminism Theory: Contemporary Feminism Theories, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh Taylor B. (2003) Feminist Imagination of Mary Wollstonecraft, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

Recently, the Bangalore police nabbed a 40-year old serial killer. A chain snatching gang was caught by Delhi Police. And there is one startling theory coming forward-both had women as criminal and that they were performing acts that were hitherto relatively unheard as done by women in India before – serial-killing and robbery. Crime, in India, is not a male bastion anymore.　

However, when it comes to crime, until the last twenty years, the lack of literature on female criminality is often astounding. One reason given for lack of interest is that females have traditionally been seen as law-abiding. It is certainly true in the context of what the statistics speak but sex crime ration differ depending on what act is being considered as crime. The different involvement in crime of men and women is one of the most striking and criminological truth, and it is therefore surprising that it has to be more widely studied in order to ascertain are its causes.

The history of mankind reveals that the woman has been the foundation stone of a family in particular and society in general. Since the dawn of civilization, women have been seen as preservers of social norms, traditions, customs, morality and family cohesiveness. Woman has been given a position of pride in every religion. My immediate concern is why the woman, who is considered to be foundation stone of family and every spiritual faith, without whose blessings the work of infusing new life into humanity cannot be accomplished, has gone astray making her mark on the crime scene and this is what has encouraged me to write this paper of women’s involvement in criminality in the social, cultural, economic and political milieu of India.

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Express – diagnostic complex is a exclusive system, which gives information about the function of body’s organs after just a couple of minutes.

The fundamental principle of the Express – diagnostic is the measurement of electrical parameters of biologically active zones of the skin bearing on the status of interrelated organs and tissue systems. The measurement method covers 6 of biologically active zones of the skin and takes no a lot more than 3 minutes.

The Express – diagnostic is recommended for nearly everybody as a preventative diagnostic tool, which detects feasible changes in the human body up to two years prior to the first symptoms arise. It is specifically recommended for people who experience increased levels of tension in the workplace or in their daily lives.

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